Hip dislocation is where the ball-shaped head of the femur comes out of the cup-shaped acetabulum set in the pelvis. Causes Congenital Acquired Epidemiology Common injury to the hip joint Much more common in females (than...

Medical education is as follows: University degree in medicine, including MBBS (6 years) and MD (4 years). There is a pre-clinical portion, followed by a clinical portion (final 2 years) during medical...

Doppler ultrasound is a procedure that uses U/S technology to examine the heart or blood vessels. Method Echo uses high frequency sound waves to create an image of the heart, whilst the...

Neuroma (aka neuromata) is a tumor of nerve tissue. They tend to be benign (i.e. not cancerous). Malignant nerve tumors are commonly referred to by other terms. Pathophysiology Neuromas can arise from different...

Thalassemia is an autosomal recessive blood disorder, involving abnormal formation of Hb. Pathophysiology Abnormal Hb causes improper O2 transport, and destruction of RBC's As less normal Hb is produced, there are fewer circulating...

Pt asked to hold both arms fully extended, at the shoulder level, with the palms facing upward, and asked to hold this position. The Pt is asked to close their...

Albumin is produced in the most abundant protein in blood, and is produced by the liver as preproalbumin -> converted to proalbumin in the rough ER -> converted to albumin...

Language disorders (aka language impediments) are disorders of the processing of linguistic information. Sx It can involve: Grammar (syntax or morphology) Semantics (meaning) Other aspects of language Classification These problems can be: Receptive (involving impaired language comprehension) Expressive (involving...

Upper GI series (aka contrast radiography of the upper GI tract) is a series of x-rays used to examine the GI tract for abnormalities. CT enterography is CT used in combination...

Rhinitis (aka coryza) is irritation and inflammation of the mucous membrane inside the nose. The most common type is allergic rhinitis (aka hayfever). Sx Stuffy nose Runny nose Post-nasal drip See also Cold Hayfever