Pneumonia is inflammation of the lung's alveoli (i.e. microscopic air sacs). Prognosis is that in the very young and very old, and chronically ill, pneumonia is a leading cause of...

Choluria is the presence of bile in urine. Sx Dark or brown urine, often referred to as the color of Coca-Cola Pathophysiology Usually manifested when serum bilirubin >1.5mg/dL Presence of chlouria is useful Sx to...

Nuchal scan (aka nuchal translucency, nuchal fold) is an U/S prenatal screen assessing the quantity of fluid collecting within the nape of the fetal neck. Method Examined on the early morphology conducted at the...

Neurological examination is assessment of sensory and motor to determine whether the nervous system is impaired. Classification [[MMSE]] [[Cranial nerve exam]] [[Upper limb exam]] [[Lower limb exam]] Sensation Dermatome is an area of skin that is mainly supplied...

Plum-red discoloration of the cheeks, associated with mitral stenosis, due to CO2 retention and its vasodilatory effects. [img]malar-flush.jpg[/img] Source: MyHealthyFeeling

[Altered] level of consciousness (LOC) is a measure of arousal other than normal. LOC refers to a Pt's arousability and responsiveness to stimuli from the environment. Classification Lethargy, which is a mildly...

Mydriasis (aka blown pupil) is dilation of the pupil, usually defined as when having a non-physiological cause, but can be physiological. Cause Physiological, i.e. due to pupillary reflex Non-pathophysiological causes include: Disease Trauma Use of drugs,...

Beta2-adrenergic agonists are drugs that act on the beta2-adrenergic receptor. [faq]What are beta agonists? It's a drug that acts on a receptor, that is usually activated by adrenaline. It does things like...

Oophorectomy (from "oophoro" meaning "egg bearing", and "ectomy" meaning "cutting") is the surgical removal of ovary(s). Removal of the ovaries in women is the biological equivalent of castration in males. [faq]What...

Hydronephrosis (meaning "water inside the kidney) is distension and dilation of the renal pelvis and calyces. Hydroureteronephrosis is distension of both the ureter and the renal pelvis and calices. Pathophysiology Usually caused...