Surgery
​Surgery are techniques involving manual and instruments.
Purposes
Investigation
Treatment of diseases (or injuries)
To improve bodily function
For appearance
Remove unwanted areas (e.g. perforated ear drum)
Pre-operative preparation
Nothing by mouth (NBM, aka Nil by mouth, Nil...
Blood type
Blood type (aka blood group) is the classification of blood based on the presence (or absence) of inherited antigens (combination of proteins, carbohydrates, glycoproteins, glycolipids) on the surface of RBC's.
There...
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, aka Lou Gehrig's disease, Charcot disease) is a specific neurodegeneration (i.e. disorder that involves the death of neurons).
Sx
Spasticity (stiff muscles)
Fasciculation (muscle twitching)
Gradually worsening weakness, due to...
Cholestasis of pregnancy
Cholestasis of pregnancy (aka jaundice of prengnacy) is a condition in which cholestasis occurs during pregnancy.
Sx
Troublesome itching, although itching has been considered to be a common Sx of pregnancy. The vast majority...
Oligomenorrhea
Oligomenorrhea is infrequent menstruation, occurring at intervals >35 days, thus only permitting 4-9 periods per year. Menstrual periods should have been previously established, before the development of infrequent flow.
[faq]Oligo-menorrhea. What...
Paraneoplastic syndrome
Paraneoplastic syndrome are Sx that is caused by cancer in the body but, unlike mass effect, is not due to the LOCAL presence of cancer cells.
Pathophysiology
Mediated by humoral factors, by...
Antifungal
Antifungals are used to Tx fungi, such as athlete's foot, ringworm, candidiasis (thrush).
Classification
Polyene antifungals, including:
Amphotericin B
Candicidin
Filipin
Hamycin
Natamycin
Nystatin
Imidazole, including:
Bifonazole
Butoconazole
Clotrimazole
Econazole
Fenticonazole
Isoconazole
Ketoconazole
Luliconazole
Miconazole
Omoconazole
Oxiconazole
Sertaconazole
Sulconazole
Tioconazole
Triazole, including:
Albaconazole
Efinaconazole
Epoxiconazole
Fluconazole
Isavuconazole
Itraconazole
Posaconazole
Propiconazole
Ravuconazole
Terconazole
Voriconazole
Thiazole, including:
Abafungin
Allylamines, inhibit squalene epoxidase, anotehr enzyme required for ergosterol synthesis. It includes:
Amorolfin
Butenafine
Naftifine
Terbinafine
Echinocandins,...
Radionuclide
Radionuclide (aka radioactive nuclide, radioisotope, radioactive isotope) is an atom that has excess nuclear energy, making it unstable. This excess energy can either create and emit, from the nucleus, new...
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor are drugs that inhibit acetylcholinesterase enzyme, from breaking down acetylcholine, thereby increasing both the level and duration of action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
Classification
Reversible inhibitors, including:
Carbamates, including Rivastigmine (Exelon)
Phenanthrene derivatives,...
DKA
DKA (diabetic ketoacidosis) is complication in Pt's with diabetes mellitus (especially type 1).
[faq]I understand DKA is an extreme, but is it an extreme in terms of too much blood sugar,...