Renal artery stenosis is narrowing of 1 or both of the renal arteries (i.e. carry blood from the aorta to the kidneys). Cause Atherosclerosis Fibromuscular dysplasia Pathophysiology The narrowing of the renal artery can impede blood...

Febrile neutropenia is fever and other signs of infection, in a Pt with neutropenia (i.e. abnormally low numbers of neutrophils). Neutropenic sepsis is reserved for Pt's who are less well. Cause In...

Intraoral cameras (IOC's) are cameras used by Dr's to show the Pt the interior of their mouth, as an alternative to using a mirror. They can be saved to a...

Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a pattern of physical/mental defects that can develop in a fetus associated with high maternal alcohol consumption. FASD (Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders) are a continuum of...

Challenging behavior is culturally abnormal behaviors of such intensity, frequency or duration that the physical safety of the person or others is placed in serious jeopardy, or behavior which is...

Coma (from Greek “koma” meaning “deep sleep”) is a state of unconsciousness in which a person cannot be awakened; fails to respond normally to painful stimuli, light or sound; lacks...

Pre-eclampsia (from Greek "eclampsia" meaning "lightning", previously called pre-eclamptic toxemia, PET) is a disorder of pregnancy. The disorder usually occurs in trimester 3 of pregnancy, and gets worse over time. Rarely,...

Movement disorders are disorders with movement. Classification Akathisia, which is inability to sit still Akinesia, which is lack of movement Associated movements, which is mirror movements or homolateral synkinesis Athetosis, which is contorted torsion or...

Episiotomy (from Greek "epision" meaning "pubic region", "tomy" meaning "cutting", aka perineotomy) is surgical incision of the perineum and posterior vaginal wall, during the second stage of labor, to quickly enlarge...

MALT lymphoma (aka MALToma, extranodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma) is a form of lymphoma involving the MALT (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue), frequently on the stomach, but virtually any mucosal site...