[Resin based] composites (aka filled resins) are a composite (i.e. material made from 2+ constituent materials w/ dissimilar properties) of a resin-based oligomer matrix (like epoxy resins, e.g. bis-GMA, TEGMA,...

Bishop score (aka cervix score, cervical favorability) is a pre-labor scoring system. Cx is shorthand for cervix. [faq]What's the Bishop score? It's a way that we score how ready bub is ready to come out....

Otoscope (aka auriscope) is a device used to look into the ears, especially the outer and middle ear, by providing a view of the ear canal and tympanic membrane (aka eardrum,...

SOB (shortness of breath, aka dyspnea, respiratory distress) is feelings of distress associated with impaired breathing. It can cause the tripod position (i.e. sits or stands, leaning forward, supporting the upper body...

Tachycardia (from Greek "tachy" meaning "rapid", and "kardia" meaning "heart", aka tachyarrhythmia) is HR>normal resting rate. [faq]What is tachycardia? It's a fast heart rate.[/faq] Dx Dependent on age, including: <3 days, >159bpm <7 days, >166bpm <4 weeks,...

Thrombolytic (aka clot busters) are drugs used to induce thrombolysis (i.e. dissolve blood clots by pharmacological means). [faq]What is thrombolysis? It's drugs that you use to dissolve blood clots. So wait. Is that the...

Hyperandrogenism (aka androgen excess) is excesive levels of androgens in the body, and the associated effects of these androgens. Causes PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome), found in 75% of Pt's w/ PCOS Excessive production...

Valve regurgitation (aka valve incompetence, valve insufficiency) is a heart valve does not close properly, causing back flow of blood [in the opposite direction from normal]. [faq]What is valve regurgitation? It's where a...

Jugular venous pressure (JVP) is the indirectly observed pressure, over the venous system, as observed over the internal jugular vein. JVPNE/JVPNR is shorthand for JVP not elevated/raised. [faq]What is JVP. And what...

HPV (human papillomavirus) is a DNA virus from the papillomavirus family that is capable of infecting humans. [faq]What is HPV? It's a DNA virus, that can infect people.[/faq] Pathophysiology Like all papillomaviruses, it establishes...