Vitamin K deficiency is insufficient vitamin K1, K2, or both. Pathophysiology Vitamin K1 is synthesized by plants, and is the plant form of vitamin. Animals can convert it into vitamin K2, including...

Beta2-adrenergic agonists are drugs that act on the beta2-adrenergic receptor. [faq]What are beta agonists? It's a drug that acts on a receptor, that is usually activated by adrenaline. It does things like...

Focal neurological deficit (aka focal neurologic signs, aka focal CNS signs) are impairments of nerve, spinal cord, or brain function that affects a specific region of the body (e.g. weakness...

Type 1 diabetes (aka diabetes [mellitus] type 1, T1D[M], formerly insulin[-dependent] diabetes, juvenile diabetes) is DM that results from autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. [faq]What is...

Retinoic acid is a metabolite of vitamin A (retinol), that mediates the function sof vitamin A required for growth and development. It is required in chordate animals, which includes all...

Well-baby exam are screening check ups to evaluate growth and development of children. Components Growth measurements, including length, weight, and head circumference. The baby will need to be undressed, so keep a...

Hyperkalemia (from English "hyper" meaning "high", "kalium" meaning "potassium") is elevated concentration of the electrolyte potassium K+. [faq]What's hyperkalemia? It's high potassium in blood.[/faq] Cause Ineffective elimination, including: Renal insufficiency Drugs, that interfere w/ urinary excretion,...

Stress [urinary] incontinence (aka effort incontinence) is due to insufficient strength of the closure of the bladder. [faq]What is stress incontinence? It's where, whenever you put physical stress on your body, you...

Tracheal tube is a catheter that is inserted into the trachea, to establish and maintain a patent airway, and to ensure the adequate exchange of O2 and CO2. Types Endotracheal tube (ETT),...

Nuchal cord is where the umbilical cord becomes wrapped around the fetal neck, 360 degrees. Prognosis Up to 50% of nuchal cords resolve before delivery Epidemiology It is not very common, with prevalence rates of...