Erythema
Erythema (from Greek "erythros" meaning "red") is redness of skin (or mucous membrane).
[img]palmar-erythema.jpg[/img]
Pathophysiology
Caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow) of superficial capillaries. It occurs in:
Skin injury
Infection
Inflammation
Hypercholesterolemia, just like how it causes spider...
Miscarriage
Miscarriage (aka spontaneous abortion, or pregnancy loss) is the natural death of an embryo/fetus, before it is able to survive independently. Miscarriage is death in the first 2 trimesters, set...
Dysfunctional uterine bleeding
Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (AUB, formerly, abnormal uterine bleeding) is abnormal vaginal bleeding based in the uterus, found in the absence of demonstratable structural or organic pathology.
Pathophysiology
Usually due to hormonal disturbances, as:
Reduced...
Palliative care
Palliative care is a multidisciplinary approach to specialize medical care for Pt's w/ serious illness. It focuses on providing Pt's w/ relief from the Sx, pain, physical stress, and mental...
Root canal therapy
Root canal therapy (aka endodontic therapy) is a sequence of Tx for the infected pulp of a tooth, which results in the elimination of infection and the protection of the...
MMSE
Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) is a brief 30-point questionnaire used to estimate, and track the course (over time) of the severity of cognitive impairment, especially for dementia. It samples arithmetic,...
Pelvic exam
Pelvic exam is a physical exam of the female pelvic organs.
Method
External examination, including:
Examination and palpate the vulva, perianal area, vaginal canal, for erythema, swelling, excoriation, rash, lesions, masses, trauma
Examine for...
Frequent urination
Frequent urination is the need to urinate more often than usual.
Dx
Normality varies according to age, typical ranges include:
In young children, 8-14 times per day
In older children, 6-12 times per day
In...
Pharyngitis
Pharyngitis (from Greek "pharynx" meaning "throat", and "itis" meaning "inflammation) is inflammation of the pharynx (i.e. region in the back of the throat).
Sx
Quite painful throat
Very large tonsils, which can cause trouble...
Hypernatremia
Hypernatremia is elevated sodium in the blood, of >145mEq/L.
Pathophysiology
Generally not caused by an excess of sodium, but rather by a relative deficit of free water in the body. Thus, hypernatremia...