Preterm birth (aka premmies) is where a baby is born 34-36 weeks gestation. The cause of preterm birth is often unknown, but there are risk factors associated. TPL is short term for...

Hyponatremia is low sodium concentration in blood. Dx Serum sodium <135mEq/L, and is severe when <125mEq/L Pathophysiology Sodium is the primary positively charged ion in the environment outside the cell, and can't freely cross...

Ophthalmoplegia is weakness (-paresis) or paralysis (-plegia) of 1+ EOM (extraocular muscles), which are responsible for eye movements. Cause Neurologic Ophthalmologic Endocrine Pathophysiology Can involve any/all of the EOM, including: Superior recti Inferior recti Medial recti Lateral recti Inferior oblique Superior oblique...

Duodenal atresia is a congenital absence, or complete closure of a portion of the lumen of the duodenum. It causes increased levels of amniotic fluid during pregnancy, and intestinal obstruction...

Uterine hyperstimulation (aka hypertonic uterine dysfunction) is a potential complication of labor induction. Definition Series of single contractions, lasting 2 mins+, or a contraction frequency of 5+ in 10 mins Sx Fetal distress (fetal...

Meningococcal disease are infections caused by the bacteria Neisseria meningitidis (aka meningococcus). [faq]What is meningicoccal disease? Does it have anything to do with meningitis? Actually, it does. It's an infection be a...

Holter monitor is a portable ECG, but can also be a portable EEG or for arterial pressure. Helpful to observe occasional cardiac arrhythmia or epileptic events which is harder to...

Orofacial cleft (ak cleft lip, cleft palate) involves an abnormal opening. Sx Cleft lip, is an opening in the upper lip, that may extend into the nose. The opening may be on...

Drugs can be prescribed for different times of the day, including: mane is in the morning nocte is at night Drugs can also be prescribed with different intervals, including: q (Latin "quaque"), meaning "each"...

Nail fungus (aka [dermatophytic] onychomycosis, tinea unguium) is a fungal infection of the nail. Sx May affect toenails or fingernails, but toenail infections are particularly common Epidemiology Most common disease of the nail Constitutes about 50%...