Molar pregnancy (aka hytadiform mole) is an abnormal pregnancy, where a non-viable fertilized egg implants in the uterus, and will fail to come to term. [faq]In short, what's a molar pregnancy? Is...

Retinal hemorrhage is where bleeding occurs into the light sensitive tissue on the back wall of the eye. It can be caused by HTN, retinal vein occlusion (blockage of a...

Blood type (aka blood group) is the classification of blood based on the presence (or absence) of inherited antigens (combination of proteins, carbohydrates, glycoproteins, glycolipids) on the surface of RBC's. There...

Murmur is an auscultatable sound caused by turbulent flow of blood, caused by stenosis (i.e. restriction of heart valve opening) or regurgitation (i.e. allowing backflow of blood through an incompetent valve that incompletely closses). This...

Blood clotting tests (aka coagulation tests, coagulation screen, coags) are lab tests used to Dx hemostasis. A coagulometer makes analytics based on diffrent methods of activation and observation of development of...

Premature ovarian failure (aka premature menopause) is the loss of function of the ovaries <40yo. A commonly cited triad for the Dx is amenorrhea, hypergonadotropism, and hypoestrogenism. If it has...

Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas (i.e. organ sitting under the stomach, which produces digestive enzymes). [faq]What is pancreatitis? Inflammation of the pancreas. Ummm... :umm: Why does it matter? What does the pancreas...

Ringworm (aka dermatophytosis, tinea) is caused by fungal infection of the skin. Sx It is called "ringworm" because the rash is circular, with a ring-like appearance Pathophysiology The dermatophytes (i.e. fungi that cause parasitic...

Crackles (aka crepitations, rales, from French "rale" meaning "rattle") are discontinuous crackling/clicking/rattling noises made by either/both lungs in Pt's with a respiratory disease. Sx Discontinuous, non-musical, and brief Much more common during inspiration than...

Polyuria (aka diuresis) is excessive production or passage of urine (>2.5L/24 hours in adults). It often occurs in conjunction with polydipsia (increased thirst), and it may be a cause or an effect. Cause Physiological...