Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (aka wet brain, Korsakoff's psychosis, alcoholic encephalopathy) is the combination of Wernicke's encephalopathy and Korsakoff's syndrome. Pathophysiology Due to the close relationship between these 2 disorders, Pt's suffering from both...

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (AUB, formerly, abnormal uterine bleeding) is abnormal vaginal bleeding based in the uterus, found in the absence of demonstratable structural or organic pathology. Pathophysiology Usually due to hormonal disturbances, as: Reduced...

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH, benign enlargement of the prostate, adenofibromyomatous hyperplasia, benign prostatic hypertrophy) is an increase in the size of the prostate. [faq]What is benign prostatic hyperplasia? It's where the prostate...

Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) are a group of pregnancy-related tumors. Sx GTD can simulate pregnancy because: Uterus may contain fetal tissue, albeit abnormal The tissue may grow at the same rate as a normal...

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is life-threatening neurological disorder most often caused by an adverse reaction to antipsychotics. Sx Bradykinesia Extrapyramidal "lead pipe" rigidity Fever Autonomic instability Cognitive changes, e.g. delirium Pathophysiology Caused by dopamine receptor blockade Dx Elevated plasma creatinine phosphokinase Hx,...

Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is a hemorrhage/bleeding within the skull. Pathophysiology Occurs when a blood vessel witin the skull is ruptured or leaks It is a focal brain injury (i.e. occurs in a localized...

Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN, aka erythroblastosis fetalis) is an alloimmune condition that develops in a fetus. Sx Jaundice increase within 24 hours of birth → hemolysis causes elevated bilirubin levels, in...

Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is significant loss of blood following childbirth. Dx Loss >500mL of blood within the first 24 hours, in a vaginal delivery Loss >1,000mL, in a Caesar Some definitions worldwide also require...

Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) occurs in a developing fetus of a pregnant woman who has contracted rubella, usually in the 1st trimester. Pathophysiology Molecular basis for the causation of CRS isn't yet...

Fever of unknown origin (FUO, aka pyrexia of unknown origin, PUO, febris e causa ignota, febris ECI) is a condition where the patient has a fever (elevated temperature), but despite...