Lower gastrointestinal bleeding is bleeding in the lower GI tract. Pathophysiology Lower GI bleed is any bleed distal (below) the ligament of Treitz, and superior to the anus. This includes the last...

Pulse is measuring heart beat by palpating a peripheral artery by the fingertip (with the exception of using the thumb). Sometimes, there is delay, which is indicative of pathology. Method Pulses can...

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS, aka reflex sympathetic dystrophy, RSD, causalgia, reflex neurovascular dystrophy, RND, amplified musculoskeletal pain syndrome, AMPS) is a chronic systemic disease characterized by severe pain, swelling,...

Fluid thrill test is a test for ascites. Pt pushes their hands down on the midline of the abdomen. Examiner taps one flank, while feeling the other flank for the...

Apraxia is a motor disorder caused by damage to the brain, in which someone has difficulty w/ the motor planning to perform tasks or movements when asked, provided that the...

Maternal nutrition is nutrient intake and dietary planning undertaken before, during and after pregnancy. Physiology Fetal nutrition begins at conception, thus the nutrition of the mother is important from before conception [probably...

Dehydration is excessive loss of body water/fluid volume. It occurs when water loss > water intake. [faq]What is dehydration? It's where you've lost a lot of water. That occurs when the water...

Aortic aneurysm is the dilation (enlargement) of the aorta to a size 1.5x its normal size, most commonly at the abdominal aorta, but also in the thoracic aorta. This can...

Echo phenomenon is automatic imitative actions wihtout explicit awareness, or pathological repetitions of external stimuli or activities, actions, sounds, or phrases, indicative of an underlying disorder. Classification Echolalia, of vocalizations, the most...

Orofacial cleft (ak cleft lip, cleft palate) involves an abnormal opening. Sx Cleft lip, is an opening in the upper lip, that may extend into the nose. The opening may be on...