Route of administration is the path by which a drug is taken into the body. Oral po is shorthand for Per oral Rectally PR is shorthand for Per rectum (it can also refer to Rectal...

Pregnancy tests, which detect hormones generated by the newly formed placenta. These tests can detect pregnancy after implantation, which is 6-12 days after fertilization. Types Blood tests are more sensitive than urine...

Cystectomy (from Grek "kystis" meaning "pouch" or "bladder", "ektome" meaning "excision") is surgical removal of all/part of the urinary bladder. Cystoprostatectomy is the combination of a cystectomy (removal of the urinary bladder), and...

Rupture of membranes (ROM, aka amniorrhexis, water breaking) is a rupture of the amniotic sac, releasing amniotic fluid (aka waters, Latin liquor amnii). [faq]What does it mean that your waters break?...

Fever of unknown origin (FUO, aka pyrexia of unknown origin, PUO, febris e causa ignota, febris ECI) is a condition where the patient has a fever (elevated temperature), but despite...

Multiple birth is where there is more than one fetus resulting from a single pregnancy. It is most applicable to placental species, with multiple births occurring in most kinds of...

Undescended testicle (aka cryptorchidism, from Greek "crypto" meaning "hidden", and "orchis" meaning "testicle") is the congenital absence of testes (one or both) from the scrotum. Note that a testis in early...

CT scan (aka computer axial tomography, CAT scan, computer-aided tomography) uses multiple x-rays taken from different angles, to generate a tomographic image (i.e. virtual cross-sectional slice), or even 3D image using a...

​Surgery are techniques involving manual and instruments. Purposes Investigation Treatment of diseases (or injuries) To improve bodily function For appearance Remove unwanted areas (e.g. perforated ear drum) Pre-operative preparation Nothing by mouth (NBM, aka Nil by mouth, Nil...

Polymyxin are antibiotics, which disrupt the structure of the bacterial cell membrane, by interacting with its phospholipids. Examples include polymyxins B and E (aka colistin), which are used to Tx...