CCB's (calcium channel blockers) reduce blood pressure. MOA Disrupts movement of calcium through calcium channels, thereby: Reducing BP Slowing HR Reducing force of contraction of the heart Unlike beta blockers, CCB don't decrease responsiveness of heart to...

Incision and drainage (I&D, aka clinical lancing) is surgery to release pus or presure built up under skin (e.g. from an abscess, boil or infected paranasal sinus). Procedure Performed by treating an...

Hysteroscopy (from Greek "hystera" meaning "womb", "skopein" meaning "to look") is the inspection of the uterine cavity/womb by endoscopy, with access through the cervix. Indications Dx of intrauterine pathology, and surgical intervention, including for: Asherman's syndrome...

Shoulder dystocia is a case of obstructed labor, where shortly after the delivery of the head, the anterior shoulder of the infant can't pass below because it is obstructed by...

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is where a blood clot breaks loose and travels in blood. Pulmonary embolism (PE, DVT/PE) is where the DVT has moved to the lungs, causing blockage of the pulmonary artery, or one...

Meningococcal disease are infections caused by the bacteria Neisseria meningitidis (aka meningococcus). [faq]What is meningicoccal disease? Does it have anything to do with meningitis? Actually, it does. It's an infection be a...

Adrenaline (aka epinephrine) is drug used for numerous conditions. Indications Anaphylaxis Cardiac arrest Superficial bleeding Croup, when it is inhaled Asthma, when other Tx not effective MOA Can be given IV, IM, inhalation, or injection just under the...

Pap smear (short for Papanicolaou, also known as Cervical smear) is the screening for potentially pre-cancerous and cancerous processes in the cervix (i.e. opening of the uterus or womb), i.e....

Oral hygiene is the practice of keeping the mouth and teeth clean to prevent dental problems. Methods Tooth brushing is scrubbing teeth w/ a TB, usually w/ TP. It can be done...

Hyperglycemia (from Greek "hyper" meaning "excessive", "glyc" meaning "sweet", "emia" meaning "blood", aka high blood sugar) is excessive amoutn of glucose circulating in the blood. Sx Triad of: Polyuria (frequent urination), as high...