Hyperthermia
Hyperthermia is elevated body temperature, due to failed thermoregulation that occurs when the body produces or absorbs more heat than it dissipates. Extreme temperature elevation is a medical emergency and...
Diabetes
Diabetes (DM) is high blood sugar over a prolonged period.
Pathophysiology
[[Type 1 diabetes]], where the pancreas fails to produce enough insulin (thus formerly known as insulin-dependent diabetes). Its onset is in childhood...
Glucose tolerance test
Glucose tolerance test involves drinking a glucose solution, and measuring glucose concentration thereafter through subsequent blood sample(s). It determines how quickly it is cleared from the blood. In diabetes, they tend...
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular disease (aka heart disease) are diseases involving the heart, kidney, and peripheral arterial diseases.
Classification
Coronary artery disease/Ischemic heart disease
Cardiomyopathy
Hypertensive heart disease
Heart failure
Pulmonary heart disease
Cardiac arrhythmias
Inflammatory heart disease (endocarditis, myocardis, inflammatory...
Kidney function test
Kidney function tests are tests which help check the kidneys are working properly.
Physiology
Kidney is a bean shaped organs located at the rear of the abdominal cavity (retroperitoneum). It receives blood...
Tachypnea
Tachypnea (from Greek meaning "rapid breathing") is abnormally rapid breathing. At rest, RR is 12-20 bpm, and tachypnea is >20bpm.
[faq]What is tachypnea?
Fast breathing. Breathing is normally 12-20 breaths per minute,...
Antimicrobial
Antimicrobial is an agent that kills microorganisms, or inhibits their growth.
Categories
Antimicrobials can be either:
Microbicidal, which kill microbes
Microbiostatic, which inhibit their growth
Antimicrobials are grouped according to the microorganisms they act primarily...
Polyp
Polyp is an abnormal growth of tissue projecting from a mucous membrane.
Sx
Pedunculated is when it is attached to the surface by a narrow elongated stalk
Sessile is when it has no...
Birthmark
Birthmark is a benign irregularity on the skin, which is present at birth or appears shortly afte rbirth, usually in the 1st month.
Sx
Can occur anywhere on the skin
Pathophysiology
Caused by overgrowth...
Meconium
Meconium is the earliest stool of an infant.
Physiology
Unlike later feces, it is composed of materials ingested during the time the infant spends in the uterus, including intestinal epithleial cells, lanugo,...