Diabetes (DM) is high blood sugar over a prolonged period. Pathophysiology [[Type 1 diabetes]], where the pancreas fails to produce enough insulin (thus formerly known as insulin-dependent diabetes). Its onset is in childhood...

Lithium salts are mood-stabilizing drugs. Examples include: Lithium carbonate, the most comonly prescribed Lithium citrate, also used in conventional pharmacological Tx Lithium orotate, presented as an alternative Fell out of use in the 1940's when it...

Leopold's maneuvers (aka fetal palpation) are 4 maneuvers used to palpate a fetus inside a pregnant woman, from her abdomen. FMF is shorthand for fetal movement felt. Purpose Determines position of the fetus Determines presentation...

Head circumference (HC, aka occipital frontal circumference OFC) is measurement of a child's head around its largest area, the distance from above the eyebrow/ears, and around the back of the head. [youtube]3YMJRsYNZDQ[/youtube] [faq]What...

Mumps (aka epidemic parotitis) is a highly contagious disease caused by the mumps virus. It spreads rapidly among people living in close quarters. [faq]What is mumps? It sounds like a bump? Sort...

Chemotherapy (CTx) is Tx of cancer with cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents. The objective can be either curative or to relieve suffering. It can either be used as a single-agent, or in combination. Chemoradiotherapy...

Type 2 diabetes (aka diabetes [mellitus] type 2, formerly noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, NIDDM, adult-onset diabetes) is a metabolic disorder involving hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) in the context of insulin resistance...

Preterm birth (aka premmies) is where a baby is born 34-36 weeks gestation. The cause of preterm birth is often unknown, but there are risk factors associated. TPL is short term for...

Gestational hypertension (aka pregnancy-induced hypertension, PIH) is development of new HTN in a pregnant woman after 20 weeks gestation, without any signs of preeclampsia (including proteinuria). HTN is defined as...

Spiral fracture (aka torsion fracture) is a bone fracture where torque (i.e. rotating force) is applied along the axis of a bone. Cause Often occurs when the body is in motion while...