Hyperglycemia (from Greek "hyper" meaning "excessive", "glyc" meaning "sweet", "emia" meaning "blood", aka high blood sugar) is excessive amoutn of glucose circulating in the blood.

• Triad of:
  • Polyuria (frequent urination), as high blood sugar leaking into urine, draws additional water along with it
  • Polydipsia (increased thirst)
  • Polyphagia (increased hunger)
• Weight loss
• Fatigue
• Irritability

• Consistent BSL's between 5.6-7 mmol/L, with any levels above this being diabetes
• BSL>11.1 mmol/L
• Impaired fasting glucose can be Dx by:
  • 2 hour glucose <7.8mmol/L, which is NORMAL
  • Fasting glucose 6.1-7mmol/L, which is elevated
  • HbA1c 6-6.4 DCCT%, which is elevated
• Impaired glucose tolerance, can be Dx by:
  • 2 hour glucose 7.8mmol/L+, which is ELEVATED
  • Fasting glucose 6.1-7mmol/L, which is elevated
  • HbA1c 6-6.4 DCCT%, which is elevated

• Sx may not start to become noticeable until even higher levels, of around 15-20mmol/L
• Chronic BSL's >7mmol/L can produce organ damage

• Diabetes (consistent BSL's>7)
• Hypoglycemia (antonym)