Birth defect (aka congenital disorder/disease, anomaly) is a condition existing at or before birth, regardless of cause. Congenital anomalies are those characterized by structural deformities, and involve defects in a developing fetus.

• Birth defects vary widely in cause and Sx

• Any substance that causes birth defects is known as a teratogen

• Some disorders can be detected before birth through prenatal Dx (screening)