[Dental or tooth] extraction (aka exodontia, exodontics, tooth pulling) is the removal of teeth from the dental alveolus/socket in the alveolar bone

• Unrestorable through tooth decay, periodontal disease, or dental trauma, especially when they are associated with toothache
• Impacted wisdom teeth (stuck and unable to grow normally into the mouth), which can cause recurrent infections of the gum (pericorinitis), and other conservative Tx has failed
• In orthodontics, if teeth are crowded, healthy teeth (often premolars) may be extracted to create space so the rest of the teeth can be straightened

• Root pick (aka root tip elevators), used to retrieve root tip orbits that can break from the tooth and are in difficult to reach locations
• Bone file, which can be used to file sharp bits of bone
• Bone rongeur, which has a sharp edged, scoot-shaped tip, that can be used for gouging out bone
• Periosteal elevator, which are used to severe the PDL around tooth roots inside the socket, and expand alveolar bone around tooth particles

• Spongostan, a hemostatic porcine gelatin absorbable sponge
• Gelatemp, which contains colloidal silver and thus distinct from pure gelatine sponges. The silver has a broad antibacterial effect 
• Surgicel, a hemostatic oxidized regenerated cellulose