Glaucoma involves increase in IOP (intraocular pressure).
Patient information
What is glaucoma?
It's where there's increased intraocular pressure.
What's intraocular pressure?
It's the fluid pressure inside the eye.
Wait... what fluid, and where inside the eye?
It's the aqueous humor, in the anterior chamber of the eye. So this is determined by the balance between how much is made, and how much is drained.
Classification
Closed angle glaucoma, acute, where there is a narrowed iridocorneal angle (angle between iris and cornea), causing fluid to become trapped, thus increasing pressure rapidly
Open angle glaucoma, chronic
Patient information
There are different types of increased fluid pressure in the eye?
Yeah, closed and open. Closed is a sudden sort of thing, whereas open is a chronic sort of thing.
Causes
Family Hx
Prolonged use of corticosteroids
Ocular trauma
Patient information
What causes increased fluid pressure in the eye?
Someone in your family having it. Long use of corticosteroids. And eye injury.
Ix
Tonometry (measure IOP)
Slit lamp + Gonioscopy, to view iridocorneal angle
Patient information
How do you test increased fluid pressure in the eye?
Tonometry, and gonioscopy.
What is tonometry and gonioscopy?
Tonometry is used ot measure the force to flatten an area of the cornea, and therefore measure fluid pressure in the eye, called intraocular pressure. Gonioscopy uses a microscope to view the angle formed between the cornea and iris, called the iridocorneal angle.
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