Small for gestational age (SGA) are babies who are smaller in size than normal for gestational age.

• Fundal height, less than it should be for that stage of pregnancy, per McDonald's rule
• U/S, to confirm AC or EFW<10% percentile for gestational age

Source: WA Health

• Constitutionall small, as a genetic trait
• IUGR (intrauterine growth restriction)

• U/S (serial growth scans), to monitor growth

• For hypoglycemia:
  • Frequent feedings
  • Addition of cornstarch-based products (e.g. Duocal powder) to the feedings
• Refer to:
  • Endocrinologist, if Pt's do not catch up to growth by 2yo. GH (growth hormone) therapy is sometimes required
  • Gastroenterologist, to address reflux/GERD, delayed gastric emptying/DGE
  • Dietician, to address calorie deficit and FTT
  • Speech pathologist or OT, to address feeding issues, or sensory issues
  • Behaviorist, for feeding issues, usually for kids >2yo
  • Allergist, to Dx/rule out any food allergies, although this isn't necessarily more common in SGA
  • ENT, to Dx enlarged adenoids or tonsils, although this isn't necessarily more common in SGA

• 90% of babies born SGA catch up by 2yo

• FTT (failure ot thrive)
• Hypoglycemia → common in asymmetrical SGA because their larger brains burn calories at a faster rate than their usually limited fat stores hold

• Low birth weight (<2.5kg, regardless of gestational age at time of birth)
• IUGR (fundal height less than it should be for that stage of pregnancy)
• LGA (antonym, large for gestational age)